Degree of Comparison Positive Degree 1. This car is fast. यह कार तेज़ है। ही गाडी वेगवान आहे. 2. She is tall. वह लंबी

Conditional clauses are sentences that describe a condition and its possible result. They are formed with two parts: the if-clause, which explains the condition, and the main clause, which shows the result. For example, in the sentence “If it rains, we will stay inside,” the condition is “if it rains,” and the result is “we will stay inside.” There are different types of conditional clauses, including the zero, first, second, third, and mixed conditionals, each expressing different time frames or hypothetical situations.

Causative verbs like get, have, let, and make are used when someone causes another person to do something for them or allows something to happen. These verbs help express indirect actions. Let’s break them down:

1. Get: It is used when someone convinces or arranges for another person to do something.
– Example: I get my car washed every week.
(मैं अपनी कार हर हफ्ते धुलवाता हूँ।)
(मी माझी कार दर आठवड्याला धुण्यासाठी लावतो.)
– This means you are not washing the car yourself; you arrange for someone else to do it.

2. Have: It indicates that someone asks or instructs another to perform a task.
– Example: She has her hair cut every month.
(वह हर महीने अपने बाल कटवाती है।)
(ती दर महिन्याला तिचे केस कापून घेते.)
– Here, she is not cutting her own hair; someone else is doing it for her.

3. Let: This shows permission or allowance.
– Example: They let their children play in the garden.
(वे अपने बच्चों को बगीचे में खेलने देते हैं।)
(ते त्यांच्या मुलांना बागेत खेळू देतात.)
– The parents are allowing their children to play.

4. Will Have: This refers to a future arrangement where someone else will do something.
– Example: I will have my house painted next month.
(मैं अगले महीने अपने घर की पेंटिंग करवाऊँगा।)
(मी पुढच्या महिन्यात माझं घर रंगवून घेईन.)
– The action of painting will be done by someone else, not by the speaker.

In causative structures, the focus is on the action being done by someone else, rather than who performs it. It makes sentences concise and clear.

The phrases “needs to be,” “needed to be,” and “will need to be” in passive voice describe actions or requirements that are necessary at different times. For example, “The room needs to be cleaned” expresses a present necessity, while “The room needed to be cleaned” refers to a past necessity. Similarly, “The room will need to be cleaned” indicates a future requirement. These structures are useful in both formal and informal communication to highlight actions that must be completed.

  Passive Voice Sentences with has to be, have to be, had to be, and will have to be 1. The homework has to be

The sentences above illustrate the use of “would be” and “would have been” in passive voice.

– “Would be” is used for hypothetical or future situations, e.g., “The roads would be repaired before the festival.”
– “Would have been” is used for unrealized or hypothetical past events, e.g., “The tickets would have been bought in advance.”

Both forms are effective for expressing probability, assumptions, or imagined scenarios.

The key difference between “Should be” and “Should have been” lies in time and expectation:

– “Should be” refers to something that is expected or recommended now or in the future.
Example: The work should be completed by tomorrow.
(It is expected to happen in the future.)

– “Should have been” refers to something that was expected or recommended in the past but did not happen.
Example: The work should have been completed yesterday.
(It was expected in the past but was not done.)

This distinction is important for expressing present/future expectations versus unfulfilled past expectations.

1. Might Be (Passive Voice)
– Refers to something that could happen now or in the future.
– Used for actions or states that are uncertain but possible.

Examples in Passive Voice:
– The homework might be completed by the students tomorrow.
(It is possible that the homework will be completed in the future.)
– The parcel might be delivered today.
(It is possible that the parcel is delivered now or later.)
– The issue might be discussed in the meeting.
(It is possible that the discussion will take place in the future.)

—

2. Might Have Been (Passive Voice)
– Refers to something that could have happened in the past but is not certain.
– Used to speculate about past actions or states.

Examples in Passive Voice:
– The homework might have been completed by the students yesterday.
(It is possible that the homework was completed in the past.)
– The parcel might have been delivered earlier.
(It is possible that the delivery occurred in the past.)
– The issue might have been discussed in the previous meeting.
(It is possible that the discussion happened earlier.)

Can Be
– “Can be” is used to express possibility or ability in the present or future.
– It suggests something is possible, but not certain.

Examples:
1. This work can be difficult if you are not prepared.
2. The weather can be unpredictable in the mountains.
3. He can be very helpful when he wants to.
4. A new student can be admitted next month.
5. This road can be dangerous at night.

—

Could Be
– “Could be” is used to express possibility in the past, present, or future, often with a tone of uncertainty or hypothetical situations.
– It suggests a less definite possibility compared to “can be.”

Examples:
1. This answer could be correct, but I am not sure.
2. He could be late if he misses the train.
3. The lost wallet could be in the car.
4. There could be more opportunities next year.
5. This could be the reason for his behavior.

“She felt *giddy* with excitement as she *flung* her bag onto the couch, but her joy quickly turned to frustration when she realized she had *garbled* the important details in the meeting. Her colleague, *disgruntled* by the mistake, gave her a *shrewd* look before calmly suggesting she *feign* confidence next time.

The phrase “can be” is used in passive voice to show that something is possible or allowed to happen. It highlights the potential for an action to be done without focusing on who performs the action. The structure typically follows:
Can + be + past participle (V3)

For example:
1. The work can be completed by tomorrow.
(It is possible for the work to be completed.)
2. This mistake can be corrected easily.
(It is possible to correct this mistake.)
3. Can the project be finished on time?
(Is it possible to finish the project on time?)

This form is often used to discuss possibilities, permissions, or capabilities in a formal or neutral tone.

1. “Need to”:
– Expresses a present or general necessity.
– Use “do/does” for questions.
Example:
– Do you need to go?
(क्या तुम्हें जाने की ज़रूरत है? / तुला जाण्याची गरज आहे का?)

2. “Needed to”:
– Refers to a necessity in the past.
– Use “did” for questions.
Example:
– Did you need to study?
(क्या तुम्हें पढ़ाई करने की ज़रूरत थी? / तुला अभ्यास करण्याची गरज होती का?)

3. “Will need to”:
– Indicates a necessity in the future.
– Use “will” for questions.
Example:
– Will they need to stay?
(क्या उन्हें रुकने की ज़रूरत होगी? / त्यांना थांबण्याची गरज असेल का?)